Problem: Apply Picard's iteration to solve the following initial value problem up to third approximation.
\[
\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x} = 2y - 2x^2 - 3, \quad y(0) = 2.
\]
The Picard's iteration for the initial value problem
\[
\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x} = f(x, y), \quad y(x_0) = y_0
\]
is given by the iterative formula
\[
y_{n+1}(x) = y_0 + \int_{x_0}^{x} f(t, y_n(t)) \, \mathrm{d}t.
\]
The iteration formula will be
\[
y_{n+1}(x) = 2 + \int_{0}^{x} \left( 2y_n(t) - 2t^2 - 3 \right) \, \mathrm{d}t.
\]
Solution: We recall that the Picard's iteration for the initial value problem
\[
\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x} = f(x, y), \quad y(x_0) = y_0
\]
is given by the iterative formula
\[
y_{n+1}(x) = y_0 + \int_{x_0}^{x} f(t, y_n(t)) \, \mathrm{d}t.
\]
For the given problem, we have
\[
\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x} = 2y - 2x^2 - 3, \quad y(0) = 2.
\]
Thus, the iterative formula becomes
\[
y_{n+1}(x) = 2 + \int_{0}^{x} \left( 2y_n(t) - 2t^2 - 3 \right) \, \mathrm{d}t.
\]
Starting with the initial approximation \( y_0(x) = 2 \), we compute the next approximations as follows: